Summary
101
Support Materials for Students with Special Education Needs
English K–6
Case Studies
Case study 5
Type of Instruction
Student
Evidence/comments
Response
1-step routine instructions
Carlos consistently responds correctly to this type of
with referent present
instruction. His response is usually immediate, however
he may take time to respond if his attention is occupied or
he is not keen on participating. Carlos’ knowledge of
routines supports his comprehension. He responds to
personalised instructions when his name is mentioned,
as well as instructions given to the whole class.
1-step routine instructions
Carlos consistently responds correctly to this type of
with referent absent
instruction. His response is usually immediate. Carlos’
knowledge of routines supports his comprehension.
He also comprehends instructions that have a non-tangible
referent as long as gestures and routine verbal cloze
sentences are used.
1-step non-routine instructions
with referent present
E
Carlos usually comprehends this type of instruction
provided the meanings of key words are highlighted using
gestures. If gestures are not used, he typically does not
respond or performs the action usually associated with
the object, eg pushing chair in. He is just beginning to
respond to some instructions when gestures are not used
but requires the instruction to be repeated several times.
1-step non-routine instructions
very early
Carlos has difficulty comprehending these type of
with at least one referent absent
E
instructions. He is unable to do what has been requested
unless gestures are used.
2-step routine instructions
with referent present requiring
#
Carlos responds correctly to most 2-step sequential
instructions given to him in routine contexts when he
sequential actions
can see the referent.
2-step routine instructions
very early
If the two instructions relate to different objects and
with referent present and
E
require different actions, Carlos usually performs the
non-sequential actions
initial action only. However, if Carlos has the two items
in his hands and is asked to do the same action with both
(give the item to two people), he is able to follow both
steps of the instruction. He usually requires the instruction
to be repeated.
2-step routine instructions
with referent absent requiring
NA
sequential actions
2-step routine instructions
with referent absent and
NA
non-sequential actions
2-step non-routine instructions
with referent present requiring
NA
sequential actions
