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Support Materials for Students with Special Education Needs
English K–6
Case Studies
Case study 4
Summary of expressive communication – Miguel
(cont)
Broad function Function
Intentionality Behaviour(s) (forms)
Target
Expressing
feelings
Express
discomfort
Pre-intentional
• Vocalises or cries,
stiffens body and
• Add reach to
seek attention?
and states
grimaces or frowns.
Occasionally he
will also poke out
his tongue
• Enhance by
shaping vocalisation
to ‘ow’ or ‘ur’
Express fear
Express pain
Pre-intentional
• Vocalises or cries,
stiffens body and
grimaces or frowns.
Occasionally he
will also poke out
his tongue
• Add reach to
seek attention?
• Enhance by
shaping vocalisation
to ‘ow’ or ‘ur’
Express sickness Pre-intentional
• Vocalises or cries,
stiffens body and
grimaces or frowns.
• Add reach to
seek attention?
Occasionally he
will also poke out
his tongue
Express
happiness
Pre-intentional
• Smiles or giggles
Express
excitement
Pre-intentional
• Smiles or giggles,
sometimes vocalises
Express sadness
Pre-intentional
• Cries
Express anger
Express confusion
Express boredom
